The aim of descriptive text : to describe the characteristics of particular person, thing, or place.
Text Structure
- Identification : Identifies thing, person, place, phenomenon to be described
- Description : Gives the information of particular thing, person, or place being discussed or describes parts, qualities, or characteristics.
Grammatical Features :
- Who? What?
- Using simple present tense
- Epithet : adjective or adjective phrase
- Attributive (the)
- Use of attributive and identifying process
Example Of Descriptive Text :
My pets
Identification
We have two family pets : a cat, and a tortoise
Descriptions
- Our cat is named Martha. She is quite young, but she is not a kitten. She is very pretty. She has black and white for and green eyes. She’s smart, too and very clean.
- The tortoise’s name is Rocky. He has short, fat legs a long neck, and a very hard shell. HE is also very old and slow. He’s ugly and dirty, but I like him .
Expressions of thanking 1. Thanks / Thank you. 2. Thanks a lot / Thank you so much. 3. Thank for your help / for the ride. 4. I’d like to thank you. -
Another responds :
1. You’re welcome. 2. That’s all right. 3. No big deal / No problem. 4. That’s fine / My pleasure. 5. Not at all / Never mind. Example : Rara : Heni, here is your book. Thank you. Heni : you’re welcome. Are you sure you don’t need it anymore ? Rara: Absolutely.
2. Compliment
Complimenting
1. Wow, good job ! / Good grades! 2. Nice try ! / Nice work ! 3. Keep up the good work ! 4. What a nice dress ! / Outfit !
Response 1. Thank you. 2. Really ? 3. I will. 4. Thanks a lot.
Example : Izka : Yesterday I bought this novel. It’s for you Ayu : Oh, how kind you are . Thanks. Izka : It is nothing.
3. Congratulation
Congratulating
1. Congratulations ! 2. Happy birthday ! 3. Happy Lebaran day ! / Merry Christmas ! 4. Happy new year ! / Happy valentine !
Response
1. Thank you 2. Thanks a lot . 3. Happy Lebaran day ! / merry Christmas too. 4. Happy New year/ Valentine too.
Example : Putra : Ando ,Congratulations ! You won the English speech contest. Your English is so amazing. Ando : Thank you.
News Item: is factual text which informs the readers about events of the day which are considered newsworthy or important.
Social function of news item is: to inform readers, listeners or viewers about events of the day which are considered newsworthy or important.
Generic structure:
v Newsworthy Event(s): recounts the events in summary form
v Background Event(s): elaborate what happened, to WHOM, in WHAT circumstances.
v Sources: comments by participants in, witnesses to and authorities’ expert on the event.
Significant Grammar Features:
± Short, telegraphic information about story captured in headline
± Generally using Simple Past Tense
± Use of Material Processes to retell the event
± Using Action Verbs, e.g.: were, run, go, kill, etc.
± Using Saying Verbs, e.g.: say, tell
± Focus on Circumstances
± Use of projecting Verbal Processes in Sources stages
There are some rules that can help to make newspaper headlines more comprehensible.
The passive voice is used without the appropriate form of “be”.
Example: Town ‘Contaminated’
Complete Sentence: Town is contaminated.
It is unusual to find complex forms, generally the simple present form is used
Example: Fire Destroys over 2,511 acres of Forest in 2003-2004
Complete Sentence: Fire has destroyed over 2,511 acres of forest in 2003-2004.
The present progressive tense is used, usually to describe something that is changing or developing, but the auxiliary verb is usually left out.
Example: World Heading for Energy Crisis
Complete Sentence: The world is heading for an energy crisis.
To refer to the future, headlines often use the infinitive.
Example: Queen to Visit Samoa.
Complete Sentence: The Queen is going to visit Samoa.
Headlines are not always complete sentences.
Example: More earthquakes in Japan.
Complete Sentence: More earthquakes happened in Japan.
News Item:
A Korean Force of Nature
Newsworthy event
In just three years, Korean pop star Rain Has built a huge domestic following of (mostly) female fans with a string of chart-topping singles, and now he’s ready to branch out overseas.
Background events
Rain picked up MTV Asia prizes this year, played his first solo concert in Japan in July and has lined up sold-out gigs in Hong Kong and Tokyo. But the engine of Korean pop-culture dominance in Asia is the soap opera, which is why Rain is forecast for TV this fall. The decidedly boyish singer will play a macho K-1 fighter who falls for his brother’s lover in a series tentatively titled A Loved to Kill. Though the show is set to air first in Korea this October, the astounding popularity of Korean TV dramas around the region means that the pop star could soon become a familiar face throughout Asia. But why stop there? Rain’s managers believe he could be the first Korean star to break into the U.S. market. Park Jin Young, the pop impresario who discovered and trained Rain, is a talented dancer and songwriter who has worked with U.S. artists like Mase and Will Smith. Since setting up camp in Los Angeles last year, Park has been shopping his protégé around to U.S. production companies. Rain almost managed to score a track on rapper Lil’ Kim’s latest album–but the plan fell apart after Kim was convicted of perjury and had to start serving a jail term, according to Jimmy Jeong, an executive at Rain’s management company.
Sources
Just a minor setback, says Jeong: “We’re targeting the global market. Rain’s too big for Asia.”
Dogs to Herd Geese From Central Park
Newsworthy event
NEW YORK (AP) — City officials will use border collies to drive geese away from Central Park’s lawns and meadows next month.
Background events
A Howell, N.J., company, Geese Police Inc., employs dog handlers who are educated on the behavior of Canada geese and their migratory, nesting and breeding habits. The collies, bred to herd sheep, have a natural instinct to round up geese. The Geese Police pilot program, funded by the New York City’s Department of Parks and Recreation and the Central Park Conservancy management organization, will last through April.
As with all wildlife that inhabit or migrate through city parkland, Canada geese are protected from hunting and attack by humans, parks Commissioner Adrian Benepe said Monday. But their increasing presence can damage grass and leave parks fouled by droppings, Benepe said.
Sources
“The Geese Police pilot project is an innovative and humane effort to manage the growing geese population in Central Park,” he said.
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